在不少民主國家,LGBT的意識形態已經和民主、自由和人權緊緊地捆綁在一起,彷彿支持LGBT,便等於支持民主,同樣,支持民主便好像必須同時支持LGBT。這種趨勢令我們反思,在推動民主、自由和人權教育的同時,其實亦必須加強邏輯思辨、倫理和社群責任的教育,以免將LGBT意識形態等同民主自由理念。
這幾年,愈來愈多國家否定更正治療(又貶稱它為拗直治療),認為會對同性戀者造成傷害,因而立法禁止更正治療,間接令一些自願想改變性傾向的人士求助無門。但同運人士的邏輯很奇怪,指改變性傾向會帶來害處,但改變生理性別卻沒有問題,甚至應及早協助未成年人士變性!英國正考慮禁止對未成年人士(即未滿18歲的人士)進行跨性別治療,若有關做法是禁止為18歲以下兒童或青少年進行變性手術或注射異性賀爾蒙是好事,若是禁止兒童接受輔導或有關性別焦慮症的治療便令人憂慮。
英國政府在2020年9月22日公佈有關《性別承認法》的公眾討論結果,政府共收到超過100,000個回應,當中有近三分之二要求,在申請轉變社會性別時,不需要在醫療上被診斷為患有性別焦躁症。有五分之四的回應者要求,申請轉變社會性別時,不用提交詳盡的醫療報告,有關報告會列出申請人接受的所有治療。在公佈有關結果時,婦女及平等事務部大臣,以及國際貿易大臣Liz Truss發表聲明,承諾會令申請性別承認證書(Gender Recognition Certificate)的程序變得「更寬容和直接」。現時在英國,如有人想更改出生證明文件上的社會性別(gender),可以向政府申請性別承認證書,該證書雖然不是身份證明文件,但有了這份證明,跨性別人士便可以根據該證書上的社會性別結婚。而《性別承認法》要求申請人,必須在醫療上被診斷為患上性別焦躁症,並同時以自己屬意的社會性別生活了最少兩年。有爭取跨性別者權益人士指,以上申請程序要求跨性別者去證明自己的社會性別,令他們感到難受。Truss表示會簡化有關的申請程序,讓申請人透過網上提交申請,並下調有關申請費。不過,雖然有權益份子希望,將合法申請轉變社會性別程序的年齡,由18歲下調至16歲,英國政府在9月時則沒有為此作出回應。[9]
2020年6月15日,美國最高法院的法官,以六對三的票數,裁定1964年《民權法》第七章(Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964)禁止僱員「因為性別」而受到歧視,當中包括了同性戀和跨性別僱員在內。過去50年來,法官把第七章所提到的禁止因為性別的歧視,僅意味著僱主不能對待婦女比男人更差,反之亦然。有法官非議把此法例提到的「因為性別」包括同性戀和跨性別,認為這是修改法律,而不是對法律進行解釋。反對此舉的法官之一 Samuel A. Alito Jr.指多數人沒有提到該裁決將如何影響住屋、宗教僱主或體育運動。[15]
除了《人口統計法》,愛達荷州州長Brad Little在同日亦簽署了另一條眾議院法案500(House Bill 500),《女性體育公平法》(Fairness in Women's Sports Act),它原本同樣會在2020年7月1日在該州生效。該法案適用於所有由公立學校、學院及大學資助的運動團體。女子團隊是不會讓聲稱自己是女性的跨性別學生加入。如有任何爭議,學生可以透過提交由醫生簽署的聲明,來證明自己的性別。而有關聲明必須單單依據學生的內在及外在生殖解剖構造、正常內源性產生的睪丸素水平,及遺傳組合分析,來顯示學生的性別。愛達荷州的美國公民自由聯盟(The American Civil Liberties Union of Idaho)等幾個團體,為到一名跨性別大學生Lindsay Hecox及另一名匿名的高中學生提出訴訟,挑戰眾議院法案500。聯邦法院地方法官David Nye在2020年8月17日發出初步禁令,阻止該州實施眾議院法案500,原因是他認為兩位挑戰法案的原告人,很可能會在有關訴訟中獲勝。[21]
我們一方面不願意見到有人因為同性性行為而受到重罰、甚至被責打至死,但另一方面亦不願意看到法官輕易改變立法原意,隨著新任美國總統拜登上場,預計將推出更多有利於同運人士的法例,甚至令美國變成同運人士的天堂。
當英國開始提醒教師若輕易根據學童的性別氣質或愛好衣著,便教導他們可能是被裝在錯誤身體裡是有某程度危險的時候,台灣反而熱切地推動性解放文化,沒有考慮這會否對兒童的身心靈會造成甚麼長遠的影響,香港實在不可不察。
新法訂立由該國首相Viktor Orban推動,政府稱新法將禁止同性伴侶領養子女,並稱該法是為了「加強保護匈牙利家庭和我們孩子的安全。」人權組織和LGBT+倡導者強烈抗議有關做法,匈牙利國際特赦組織主任David Vig認為「對於匈牙利的LGBTQ社群來說,這是黑暗的日子,對於人權而言,這是黑暗的日子。」
匈牙利是歐盟成員國,歐洲跨性別人權組織執行董事Masen David呼籲歐盟委員會主席Ursula von der Leyen,透過委員會評估法律的規則和《歐洲聯盟條約》第七條,重申LGBT父母的權利、提出多元化兒童遭到企圖消除,以及禁止跨性別者及雙性人在法律文件中更改性別的事情正在發生,以表達對匈牙利的不滿。[43]
傳統家庭價值面對愈來愈大的挑戰,而願意推廣的又往往並非西方的民主國家,而當有國家表示支持,馬上會被這些民主國家中支持同運和性解放的組織抨擊。很多人都認為政教需要分離,但卻無法把性解放的意識形態與政治分離,彷彿不接納LGBT+便是不民主自由的國家。
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[7] Michael Foust, “Britain May Ban Transgender Treatments for Children to Guard Them from 'Irreversible' Harm,” Christian Headlines, last modified April 27, 2020, https://www.christianheadlines.com/contributors/michael-foust/britain-may-ban-transgender-treatments-for-children-to-guard-them-from-irreversible-harm.html; Jasmine Andersson, “Liz Truss to review treatment for transgender teens and single-sex spaces under Gender Recognition Act plans,” inews.co.uk, last modified April 24 2020, https://inews.co.uk/news/health/liz-truss-gender-recognition-act-transgender-teens-treatment-single-sex-spaces-2547343; Sally Lockwood et al., “NHS 'over-diagnosing' children having transgender treatment, former staff warn,” Sky News, last modified December 12, 2019, https://news.sky.com/story/nhs-over-diagnosing-children-having-transgender-treatment-former-staff-warn-11875624#;〈英政府擬修法 禁「兒童變性治療」 同運團體緊張遊說〉,風新聞,2020年5月20日,網站:https://pm-news.hk/2020/05/20/transgender-rules-will-change-to-protect-wellbeing-of-under-18s/(最後參閱日期:2020年6月16日)。
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[17] 艾以琳:〈搶救選情!拜登承諾上任100日內通過LGBTQ《平等法案》 外媒舉4大危機〉,風向新聞,2020年10月29日,網站:https://kairos.news/266890;“The Biden Plan to advance LGBTQ+ Equality in America and around the World,” Biden Harris, accessed December 31, 2020, https://joebiden.com/lgbtq-policy/;Stacey L. Pitcher, “Equality on the Horizon: Anticipated Changes for LGBTQ Rights in a Biden Presidency,” HR legalist, November 18, 2020, https://www.hrlegalist.com/2020/11/equality-on-the-horizon-anticipated-changes-for-lgbtq-rights-in-a-biden-presidency/;Andrea Jones, “Four ways the Equality Act would harm children,” The Washington Times, September 28, 2020, https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2020/sep/28/four-ways-the-equality-act-would-harm-children/。
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